Energy efficient clustering and routing in a wireless sensor networks in NS2

Wireless sensor networks are basically used for monitoring and sensing of environments and used both for civil and military applications. It consists of small devices called sensors (nodes). Each sensor has a limited battery power and once deployed, become inaccessible to user, and thus replacement of energy source becomes infeasible. There are different routing protocols defined to reduce energy consumption, and increase network life time. Some of them are LEACH, LEACH-C, PEGASIS, TEEN and BCDCP. We are optimizing BCDCP to reduce its limitations and make it more efficient. For this purpose we propose ZRIC. This is a theoretical framework and completely cluster based model. It reduces power consumption and decrease the distance between sender and receiver by following the spanning tree path for data transmission.